MULTI-CANCER EARLY DETECTION
Frequently Asked Questions
Everything you want to know about this new screening technology.
MCED tests have the potential to identify the presence of cancer for more than one cancer at a time, before signs or symptoms appear. As the tests continue to evolve, check out some of the FAQs below to find the latest information on MCED tests, how they fit into current screening recommendations and more.
A patient-centered approach
The Foundation convened a forum in 2021 for patients, providers and advocacy organizations to discuss emerging technology in cancer prevention and control with a focus on multi-cancer early detection screening tests.
Explore the forumHow will MCED fit into the current cancer screening recommendations?
MCED tests are designed to be complementary to, not a replacement for, existing screenings, such as mammograms, colonoscopies and Pap tests. MCED tests can be given alongside existing screening tests to increase the value of early detection visits. For cancers that have recommended single-cancer screening, that will remain your primary screening test for that cancer.
Are MCED tests available now and are they covered by insurance?
Various MCED tests are being developed and clinical trials are underway. Some tests are available now by prescription through a health care provider. MCED tests are not covered by insurance. People who have this test will most likely have to pay for some or all of it out of pocket.
Under current law, Medicare coverage of preventive services is limited to tests for which Congress has explicitly authorized coverage. Private insurers and Medicaid cover screening tests that receive an “A” or “B” recommendation from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). The USPSTF has not yet evaluated MCED tests.
How does genetic testing differ from MCED?
Genetic testing may be an option for those who want more information about their cancer risk. Predictive genetic testing is performed to look for specific changes, called mutations, in your genes that could increase your risk of cancer. These tests are often done using blood samples, but may be performed using saliva or other tissues. Genetic tests do not detect the absence or presence of cancer.
MCED tests use blood samples and are designed to identify the potential presence of cancer for more than one cancer at a time. If a person has a positive MCED test, additional follow-up testing is necessary.
What are the challenges with MCED tests?
Multi-cancer early detection tests are a new and innovative way of screening for cancer; as with any breakthrough technology, there are challenges that must be addressed before they can be broadly utilized.
Some of these challenges:
- The sensitivity of the test for diagnosing each cancer (that was tested for)at an early stage
- The benefit of clinical intervention (without undue harm) at the time of diagnosis
- The impact to the patient of false positives and how this could vary depending on cancer type
- The ability and method to identify the tissue of origin (where the cancer started)
What supporters of the bill are saying
